tron-节点-SR单节点搭建

波场的产块节点称为 Supper Node，官方文档称之为SR。

波场使用DPOS共识算法，这个算法的特点是并不基于算力，而是基于股权证明来实现共识和产块。
DPOS共识算法后面会专门讲到一期。

【需要搭建tron FULLNode 全节点，或者需要服务器，可以右上角联系群主。】

内容目录

Supper Node(SR)
产块
搭建SR
启动私链

Supper Node(SR)

以下称Supper Node 为SR，官方SR节点为产块节点，共有27个SR节点。
这27个SR节点每隔3秒轮流负责产块，注意是轮流产块，即：节点A产块-->节点B产块...依次类推。
这种产块方式相较于POW的共识，更加的节能省电，但是缺点也很明显，就是节点理论是更容易被控制作恶，只要半数节点被控制或者半数节点掌握在某个团队中，对于社区来说，并不为是一件好事，缺乏透明度。

成为 SR 的好处是，SR负责产块，产块后会获得产块奖励，SR可以产块后，再将奖励分发给投票者。

产块

超级代表

产块者由所有用户投票，得票最多的128个超级代表成员中选出27个进行产块，实际官方的27个产块SR是在配置文件中写死的。
这27个SR节点即为产块者，如果其中一个节点挂掉后，会从超级代表中的成员节点顶上，继续进行产块。

如何产块

27个SR节点，分别进行产块。
27个节点分属于不同的机器上，如何确定严格的产块顺序。
这个是DPOS的灵魂，如果节点无法按照严格的顺序进行产块，那整个DPOS将无法成立。

通过确认创世块的时间点，并在启动时，通过Hash算法，算出自己的Slot来排序。

维护期

出块轮：波场设定每6个小时作为一个出块轮，称为一个Epoch。每个出块轮最后的2个出块时间是一个维护期。每个出块轮的维护期决定下一个出块轮的出块顺序。

维护期：波场设定是2个区块时间，即6秒钟。这段时间用于统计候选人得票数。因为24个小时有4个出块轮，自然就有4个维护期，维护期中不进行区块生产，主要用来确定下个出块轮的出块顺序。

查看超级代表

搭建SR

搭建私有网络，可以验证SR节点的产块相关的原理和流程，甚至可以通过源码自己塔建一条自己的链。

前提

具备至少两个钱包账户的私钥与地址；
至少部署一个SuperNode用于出块；
至少部署一个FullNode节点用于同步区块、广播交易；
SuperNode与FullNode组成了私有网络，可以进行网络发现、区块同步、广播交易；

波场的 SupperNode 是不对外暴露，最少需要一个FullNode成为一个对外的入口，将交易和区块转发到SupperNode节点当中。

生成钱包账户

钱包账户通过TRON提供的钱包进行生成，有移动端和浏览器插件。
为了截图文件，直接通过浏览器插件进行生成账户和私钥。

导出私钥

准备文件和程序

以下程序和配置文件放在同一个目录下，推荐直接下载官方源码进行编译，这样可以直接从项目中获得所有需要的文件、配置文件等，主要需要包含:

配置文件 private_net_config.conf
主程序 FullNode.jar
启动脚本 start.sh(可选)

配置文件

获取官方提供的配置文件，可以单击这条链接查看配置文件

1	wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tronprotocol/tron-deployment/master/private_net_config.conf

private_net_config.conf

net {
  type = mainnet
  # type = testnet
}

storage {
  # Directory for storing persistent data

  db.version = 2,
  db.engine = "LEVELDB",
  db.directory = "database",
  index.directory = "index",

  # You can custom these 14 databases' configs:

  # account, account-index, asset-issue, block, block-index,
  # block_KDB, peers, properties, recent-block, trans,
  # utxo, votes, witness, witness_schedule.

  # Otherwise, db configs will remain defualt and data will be stored in
  # the path of "output-directory" or which is set by "-d" ("--output-directory").

  # Attention: name is a required field that must be set !!!
  properties = [
    //    {
    //      name = "account",
    //      path = "storage_directory_test",
    //      createIfMissing = true,
    //      paranoidChecks = true,
    //      verifyChecksums = true,
    //      compressionType = 1,        // compressed with snappy
    //      blockSize = 4096,           // 4  KB =         4 * 1024 B
    //      writeBufferSize = 10485760, // 10 MB = 10 * 1024 * 1024 B
    //      cacheSize = 10485760,       // 10 MB = 10 * 1024 * 1024 B
    //      maxOpenFiles = 100
    //    },
    //    {
    //      name = "account-index",
    //      path = "storage_directory_test",
    //      createIfMissing = true,
    //      paranoidChecks = true,
    //      verifyChecksums = true,
    //      compressionType = 1,        // compressed with snappy
    //      blockSize = 4096,           // 4  KB =         4 * 1024 B
    //      writeBufferSize = 10485760, // 10 MB = 10 * 1024 * 1024 B
    //      cacheSize = 10485760,       // 10 MB = 10 * 1024 * 1024 B
    //      maxOpenFiles = 100
    //    },
  ]

}

# this part of config is used to node discovery.
node.discovery = {
  enable = false  # you should set this entry value with ture if you want your node can be discovered by other node.
  persist = true  # this entry is used to determined to whether storing the peers in the database or not.
  bind.ip = ""
  external.ip = 127.0.0.1
}

# this part of config is used to set backup node for witness service.
node.backup {
  port = 10001
  priority = 8
  members = [
  ]
}

node {
  # trust node for solidity node
  # trustNode = "ip:port"
  trustNode = "127.0.0.1:50051"

  # expose extension api to public or not
  walletExtensionApi = true

  listen.port = 16666

  connection.timeout = 2

  tcpNettyWorkThreadNum = 0

  udpNettyWorkThreadNum = 1

  # Number of validate sign thread, default availableProcessors / 2
  # validateSignThreadNum = 16

  maxActiveNodes = 30

  maxActiveNodesWithSameIp = 2

  minParticipationRate = 0

  # check the peer data transfer ,disconnect factor
  disconnectNumberFactor = 0.4
  maxConnectNumberFactor = 0.8
  receiveTcpMinDataLength = 2048
  isOpenFullTcpDisconnect = true

  p2p {
    version = 1 # 11111: mainnet; 20180622: testnet; you can set other number when you deploy one private net, but the node must have the same number in some private net. 
  }

  active = [
    # Active establish connection in any case
    # Sample entries:
    # "ip:port",
    # "ip:port"
  ]

  passive = [
    # Passive accept connection in any case
    # Sample entries:
    # "ip:port",
    # "ip:port"
  ]

  http {
    fullNodePort = 16667
    solidityPort = 16668
  }

  rpc {
    port = 16669

    # Number of gRPC thread, default availableProcessors / 2
    # thread = 16

    # The maximum number of concurrent calls permitted for each incoming connection
    # maxConcurrentCallsPerConnection =

    # The HTTP/2 flow control window, default 1MB
    # flowControlWindow =

    # Connection being idle for longer than which will be gracefully terminated
    maxConnectionIdleInMillis = 60000

    # Connection lasting longer than which will be gracefully terminated
    # maxConnectionAgeInMillis =

    # The maximum message size allowed to be received on the server, default 4MB
    # maxMessageSize =

    # The maximum size of header list allowed to be received, default 8192
    # maxHeaderListSize =

    # Transactions can only be broadcast if the number of effective connections is reached.
    minEffectiveConnection = 0
  }

}



seed.node = {
  # List of the seed nodes. This is used to enable the node can connect when join one net at first.
  # If you deploy one private net, you must add some "ip:port" here for other node connecting.
  # Seed nodes are stable full nodes, and the first SuperNode must be inclued in.
  # example:
  # ip.list = [
  #   "ip:port",
  #   "ip:port"
  # ]
  ip.list = [
  ]
}

genesis.block = {
  # Reserve balance
  assets = [
    {
      accountName = "Zion"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TPL66VK2gCXNCD7EJg9pgJRfqcRazjhUZY"
      balance = "95000000000000000"
    },
    {
      accountName = "Sun"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TWsm8HtU2A5eEzoT8ev8yaoFjHsXLLrckb"
      balance = "5000000000000000"
    },
    {
      accountName = "Blackhole"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TSJD5rdu6wZXP7F2m3a3tn8Co3JcMjtBip"
      balance = "-9223372036854775808"
    },
    {
      accountName = "TestA"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TVdyt1s88BdiCjKt6K2YuoSmpWScZYK1QF"
      balance = "1000000000000000"
    },
    {
      accountName = "TestB"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TCNVmGtkfknHpKSZXepZDXRowHF7kosxcv"
      balance = "1000000000000000"
    },
    {
      accountName = "TestC"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TAbzgkG8p3yF5aywKVgq9AaAu6hvF2JrVC"
      balance = "1000000000000000"
    },
    {
      accountName = "TestD"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TMmmvwvkBPBv3Gkw9cGKbZ8PLznYkTu3ep"
      balance = "1000000000000000"
    },
    {
      accountName = "TestE"
      accountType = "AssetIssue"
      address = "TBJHZu4Sm86aWHtt6VF6KQSzot8vKTuTKx"
      balance = "1000000000000000"
    }
  ]

  witnesses = [
    {
      address: TPL66VK2gCXNCD7EJg9pgJRfqcRazjhUZY,
      url = "http://tronstudio.com",
      voteCount = 10000
    }
  ]

  timestamp = "0" #2017-8-26 12:00:00

  parentHash = "957dc2d350daecc7bb6a38f3938ebde0a0c1cedafe15f0edae4256a2907449f6"
}

localwitness = [
  da146374a75310b9666e834ee4ad0866d6f4035967bfc76217c5a495fff9f0d0  # you must enable this value and the witness address are match.
]

#localwitnesskeystore = [
#  "src/main/resources/localwitnesskeystore.json"  # if you do not set the localwitness above, you must set this value.Otherwise,your SuperNode can not produce the block. 
#]

block = {
  needSyncCheck = false # first node : false, other : true
  maintenanceTimeInterval = 21600000 // 1 day: 86400000(ms), 6 hours: 21600000(ms)
}


vm = {
  supportConstant = true
  minTimeRatio = 0.0
  maxTimeRatio = 5.0
}

committee = {
  allowCreationOfContracts = 1  //mainnet:0 (reset by committee),test:1
}

event.subscribe = {
  native = {
    useNativeQueue = true // if true, use native message queue, else use event plugin.
    bindport = 5555 // bind port
    sendqueuelength = 1000 //max length of send queue
  }

  path = "" // absolute path of plugin
  server = "" // target server address to receive event triggers
  dbconfig = "" // dbname|username|password
  contractParse = true,
  topics = [
    {
      triggerName = "block" // block trigger, the value can't be modified
      enable = false
      topic = "block" // plugin topic, the value could be modified
    },
    {
      triggerName = "transaction"
      enable = false
      topic = "transaction"
    },
    {
      triggerName = "contractevent"
      enable = false
      topic = "contractevent"
    },
    {
      triggerName = "contractlog"
      enable = false
      topic = "contractlog"
    },
    {
      triggerName = "solidity" // solidity block event trigger, the value can't be modified
      enable = true            // the default value is true
      topic = "solidity"
    }
  ]

  filter = {
    fromblock = "" // the value could be "", "earliest" or a specified block number as the beginning of the queried range
    toblock = "" // the value could be "", "latest" or a specified block number as end of the queried range
    contractAddress = [
      "" // contract address you want to subscribe, if it's set to "", you will receive contract logs/events with any contract address.
    ]

    contractTopic = [
      "" // contract topic you want to subscribe, if it's set to "", you will receive contract logs/events with any contract topic.
    ]
  }
}

需要改几处配置

在localwitness中添加自己的私钥
设置genesis.block.witnesses为私钥对应的地址
设置p2p.version为除了11111之外的任意正整数，如33333
第1个SR设置needSyncCheck为false，其他可以设置为true
设置node.discovery.enable为true

解释一下上面的配置，官方没有说明，从源码中去分析出来的：

如果自己是SR时，需要配置localwitness，开启本地模式，将自己初始化为witness

配置自己成为默认的 witnesses，源码中分析，当轮到节点产块时，程序会从SR列表中获得默认SR，所以需要先进行配置
p2p.version，TRON官方主链中使用的是11111，为了不跟主链冲突
needSyncCheck 用来控制是否需要同步区块，当前只有一个节点，不会需要同步区块的

node.discovery.enable 这项是开启节点发现:

对源码有兴趣的朋友自行查看官方源码。

获取最新的程序

从官方github上选择最新的release版本，选择FullNode.jar。

官方github: https://github.com/tronprotocol/java-tron

release: https://github.com/tronprotocol/java-tron/releases

启动脚本

获取官方启动脚本，这个脚本里对内存做了限制，最少不能低于8G内存，否则脚本限制不让启动。
如果内存低于这个配置的话，建议直接使用命令启动。

1	wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tronprotocol/java-tron/develop/start.sh

准备工作就完成了，然后就可以启动程序了。

启动私链

配置好之后，就可以进行本地私链部署并生产区块了。

如果不想使用脚本，直接手动启动，直接使用命令

1	nohup java -Xmx6g -jar FullNode.jar --witness -c private_net_config.conf &>/dev/null &

启动后会生成 logs/tron.log，查看日志，关键日志: generated by myself说明这块是自己产的块。

[ hash=0000000000000055cf5362a54801104d9d261b652e9db7b099c99247527b833d
number=85
parentId=000000000000005413ae634329790c4b944b18591a1a1b1705d65a3b6819f2a7
witness address=41763087eab1c1387954698d451ff9c6215b189430
generated by myself=true
generate time=2022-02-04 01:19:57.0
account root=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
txs are empty
]

查看SR完整产块日志

如果看到 generate time 这个日志，说明已经成功产块了，但是FullNode还没有部署，怎么就产块了，没有问题吗。
FullNode 的主要做用是转发，如果没有FullNode，SR接收不到交易和区块，产的块都是空块，在实际使用中需要测试SR的产块相关的功能，最好是部署上FullNode，搭建成一个完整的链。
节点个数的话，FullNode不限个数，SR最多27个，当然可以改源码调整个数，只要保证最终有2/3个节点来保证能完成共识就OK。有兴趣的话，可以一直探讨这个问题。

最大witness个数，即SR节点个数

1	public static final int MAX_ACTIVE_WITNESS_NUM = 27

参考文档：

https://tronprotocol.github.io/documentation-zh/architecture/network/
官方文档中的 private_net_config.conf 地址有误，可以参考我文章中的配置。

灰武士跨境

tron-节点-SR单节点搭建

作者灰武士

Supper Node(SR)

产块

超级代表

如何产块

维护期

搭建SR